Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Rosids: Fabids: Malpighiales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Viola hastata
FAMILY
Violaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
For the most current and comprehensive body of information regarding violets in our region, visit the new website Violets (Violaceae) of the Great Plains and Eastern North America.
Read more about Halberd-leaf Violet at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Viola hastata
FAMILY
Violaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH A taxonomic treatment of the violets (Violaceae) of the northeastern US and adjacent Canada (Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino, 2023)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 6 (2015)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH Violaceae of the Southeastern US (McKinney & Russell, 2002)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 130-02-019:
Viola hastata FAMILY Violaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Viola hastata
COMMON NAME:
Halberdleaf Violet, Halberdleaf Yellow Violet, Spearleaf Violet, Silverleaf Violet
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913 pnd_viha2_001_lvd
)
JK Marlow jkm0403c_04
March Oconee County SC
Oconee Station/Station Cove
Petals yellow, purplish on the back, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
)
JK Marlow jkm070324_027
March Greenville County SC
Lateral petals bearded, per Violaceae of the Southeastern US (McKinney & Russell, 2002).
)
JK Marlow jkm070324_031
March Greenville County SC
)
Keith Bradley kab_viola_hastata_1839
March Pickens County SC
Table Rock State Park
)
Herbarium of Clemson University h_cu25408
April Clay County NC
)
Herbarium of Clemson University h_cu25408b
April Clay County NC
Leaf blades hastate, distinctly longer than wide. Leaf bases strongly cordate, per Weakley's Flora.
)
JK Marlow jkm0304d_15
April Oconee County SC
Sumter National Forest: Andrew Pickens Ranger District
)
JK Marlow jkm0404t_35
April Oconee County SC
Sumter National Forest: Andrew Pickens Ranger District
Sepals of chasmogamous flowers eciliate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
JK Marlow jkm100402_099
April Oconee County SC
Jocassee Gorges
)
JK Marlow jkm140412_925
April Transylvania County NC
)
JK Marlow jkm190413_7368
April Rabun County GA
)
JK Marlow jkm200418_3912
April Greenville County SC
Ashmore Heritage Preserve
Capsule 6-7mm long, glabrous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_viola_hastata_2
April
A "leafy-stemmed" Violet species bears flowers in the leaf axils, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
)
Steve Marlow snm080halberdlfcap
April Greenville County SC
Ashmore Heritage Preserve
Violet capsules are dry dehiscent fruits that split open into three sections.
)
Patrick D. McMillan pdmvhastata_leefalls2
April? Oconee County SC
Sumter National Forest: Andrew Pickens Ranger District
)
Tim Spira tpsvhastata
Month Unknown
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Viola hastata
FAMILY
Violaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Viola hastata
FAMILY
Violaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
A taxonomic treatment of the violets (Violaceae) of the northeastern US and adjacent Canada (Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino, 2023)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 6
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Violaceae of the Southeastern US (McKinney & Russell, 2002)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Viola hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 130-02-019:
Viola hastata
FAMILY
Violaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Viola hastata
1648
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: Acidic coves, dry-mesic oak forests, bluff forests, bases of rock ledges, per Weakley's Flora
Native to the Carolinas & Georgia
Common in Mountains, uncommon in Piedmont, rare in Coastal Plain
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)
LEAVES:
Simple
Plant caulescent (with an obvious, leafy, above-ground stem). Leaves alternate
Margins serrate
Leaf blade glabrous or glabrate
FLOWER:
Spring
Yellow
Bilaterally symmetrical
Lateral petals bearded
5 sepals
5 petals
5 stamens
FRUIT:
Spring
Capsule
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- Gardening with the Native Plants of Tennessee (Hunter, 2002) p190
- Great Smoky Mountains Wildflowers (Campbell, Hutson, Sharp, & Hutson, 1962) p038
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC (Porcher & Rayner, 2001) p186
- Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977) p054
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p223
- Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999) p051
- Wild Flowers of NC, 2nd edition (Justice, Bell, & Lindsey, 2005) p156
- Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Georgia (Chafin, 2016) p349
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p075
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p098
- Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011) p466
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p102
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