Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Monocots: Alismatales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Arisaema triphyllum
FAMILY
Araceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Do you have Arisaema or Pinellia?
Learn more about Common Jack in the Pulpit from the Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum
FAMILY
Araceae
INCLUDED WITHIN Flora of North America
Arisaema triphyllum
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of Vascular Plants of NE US & Adjacent Canada (Gleason & Cronquist,1991)
Arisaema triphyllum var. triphyllum
INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 032-05-002:
Arisaema triphyllum FAMILY Araceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Arisaema triphyllum
COMMON NAME:
Common Jack in the Pulpit, Indian Turnip
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913 pnd_artrt3_001_lvd
)
JK Marlow jkm200321_3291
March Polk County NC
)
Ben Geer Keys bgk124_c
April
Spathe flange much wider than in A. stewardsonii, acuminatum, or pusillum, per Weakley's Flora.
)
JK Marlow jkm200411_3674
April Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
)
JK Marlow jkm200418_3943
April Greenville County SC
Ashmore Heritage Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm200418_3947
April Greenville County SC
Ashmore Heritage Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm220421_7086
April Pickens County SC
Nine Times Preserve
What's with the wavy edge?
)
Keith Bradley kab_a_triphyllum_03089
April Greenville County SC
Caesars Head State Park
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_a_triphyllum_tri
April
)
JK Marlow jkm0305s_21
May Haywood County NC
Corneille Bryan Native Garden
)
JK Marlow jkm0305z_10
May Rutherford County NC
Chimney Rock Park
)
JK Marlow jkm0305z_11
May Rutherford County NC
Chimney Rock Park
)
JK Marlow jkm160502_057
May Macon County NC
A plant that can change gender from one year to the next [here female], per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
)
JK Marlow jkm220517_7833
May Greenville County SC
Blackwell Heritage Preserve
)
Teri Nye nye_1378_web
May Macon County NC
Spathe hides the tiny flowers at spadix base (male on left, female on right).
)
Teri Nye nye_1456
May Macon County NC
)
Ben Geer Keys bgk124_b
May?
)
JK Marlow jkm190618_9286
June Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
Arisaema's leaflets are pinnately veined; Trillium leaves are parallel-veined.
)
JK Marlow jkm190618_9287
June Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
The inflorescence is overtopped and often hidden by the 1-2 leaves, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
)
JK Marlow jkm210603_0920
June Greenville County SC
Blackwell Heritage Preserve
The color variations are striking --
)
JK Marlow jkm210603_0922
June Greenville County SC
Blackwell Heritage Preserve
)
Patrick D. McMillan pdma_triphyllum
June Somerset County ME
)
Ben Geer Keys bgk124_a
July
In cultivation
A solid green or purple-striped spathe (pulpit) surrounds the spadix (jack), per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
)
JK Marlow jkm060704_004
July Pickens County SC
)
JK Marlow jkm160707_219
July Spartanburg County SC
Chinquapin Greenway
)
JK Marlow jkm200703_6351
July Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
Normally a pair of leaves, each palmately divided into thirds, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
)
Tim Spira tps_atriphyllum
July
)
JK Marlow jkm160818_621
August Polk County NC
Pearson's Falls
)
JK Marlow jkm080924_121
September Haywood County NC
Blue Ridge Parkway
)
JK Marlow jkm160919_023
September Polk County NC
Pearson's Falls
Leaves glaucous beneath at maturity (vs A. stewardsonii, acuminatum, pusillum), per Weakley's Flora.
)
JK Marlow jkm210907_3576
September Greenville County SC
Blackwell Heritage Preserve
)
Tim Spira tps_atriphyllum_frts
October
The bright red berries are found clustered at base of the spadix in autumn, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Arisaema triphyllum
FAMILY
Araceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum
FAMILY
Araceae
INCLUDED WITHIN
Flora of North America
Arisaema triphyllum
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of Vascular Plants of NE US & Adjacent Canada (Gleason & Cronquist,1991)
Arisaema triphyllum var. triphyllum
INCLUDED WITHIN
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 032-05-002:
Arisaema triphyllum
FAMILY
Araceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Arisaema triphyllum
124
Forb
Perennial
Reversibly dioecious, or monoecious
Habitat: Mesic forests, bottomlands, per Weakley's Flora
Native to the Carolinas & Georgia
Common
Click here to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)
LEAVES:
Palmately compound: 3 leaflets
Basal
FLOWER:
Spring
Spathe hood green or green striped with purple
Inflorescence a spadix
FRUIT:
Summer
Red
Berry
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999) p103
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006) p224
- Gardening with Native Plants of the South (Wasowski & Wasowski, 1994, 2020) p129
- Gardening with the Native Plants of Tennessee (Hunter, 2002) p103
- Great Smoky Mountains Wildflowers (Campbell, Hutson, Sharp, & Hutson, 1962) p036
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC (Porcher & Rayner, 2001) p296
- Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977) p036
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p470
- Wildflowers of the Carolina Lowcountry (Porcher, 1995) p128
- Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999) p156
- Wild Flowers of NC, 2nd edition (Justice, Bell, & Lindsey, 2005) p012
- Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Georgia (Chafin, 2016) p364
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p338
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p390
- Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011) p335
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p003