Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Campanulids: Asterales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Solidago rigida
FAMILY
Asteraceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
In 2020, Weakley transferred Solidago rigida to Oligoneuron. Read more at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum
FAMILY
Asteraceae
(?) Weakley's Flora (2020)
Oligoneuron rigidum
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2015)
Solidago rigida ssp. rigida
SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular flora of Illinois (Mohlenbrock, 2014)
Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum
SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 19-20-21 (2006)
Solidago rigida ssp. rigida
INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 179-49-033:
Solidago rigida FAMILY Asteraceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Britton & Brown Illus Flora of Northeast US & adjacent Canada (Gleason, 1952)
Solidago rigida var. rigida
INCLUDED WITHIN Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Solidago rigida
INCLUDED WITHIN Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Solidago rigida var. grandiflorus
COMMON NAME:
Midwestern Stiff Goldenrod, Hard-leaved Goldenrod, Midwestern Bold Goldenrod, Stiff-leaved Goldenrod
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913 pnd_sori2_001_lvd
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Solidago rigida
FAMILY
Asteraceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum
FAMILY
Asteraceae
(?)
Weakley's Flora (2020)
Oligoneuron rigidum
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2015)
Solidago rigida ssp. rigida
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Vascular flora of Illinois (Mohlenbrock, 2014)
Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 19-20-21
Solidago rigida ssp. rigida
INCLUDED WITHIN
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 179-49-033:
Solidago rigida
FAMILY
Asteraceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Britton & Brown Illus Flora of Northeast US & adjacent Canada (Gleason, 1952)
Solidago rigida var. rigida
INCLUDED WITHIN
Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Solidago rigida
INCLUDED WITHIN
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Solidago rigida var. grandiflorus
1428
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: Glades, barrens, and prairie-like areas, over mafic or calcareous rocks, per Weakley's Flora
Native to the Carolinas & Georgia
Rare
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
LEAVES:
Basal leaves partially evergreen
Simple
Leaves basally disposed (basal & lower stem leaves larger, petiolate, & usually persistent); middle and upper stem leaves smaller & less petiolate
Alternate & basal
FLOWER:
Summer/Fall
Rays: Yellow
Disc: Yellow
Inferior ovary
Disc flowers bisexual & fertile/ Ray flowers pistillate & fertile
Flower heads in corymbose inflorescences
FRUIT:
Summer/Fall
Achene
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- Gardening with Native Plants of the South (Wasowski & Wasowski, 1994, 2020) p170
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 2nd ed. (McMillan, Porcher, Rayner, & White; 2022) p274
- Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977) p450
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p294
- Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999) p112?
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p330
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p382?
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p205
If a search such as "Carex leptalea var. leptalea" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "Carex leptalea".
Or, to minimize chances of a misspelling, try just "Carex le".
Less is more: If "pencil flower" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "pencil".