Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Monocots: Liliales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Erythronium umbilicatum ssp. umbilicatum
FAMILY
Liliaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Learn more about Trout Lily from the Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
Enjoy a virtual visit to a Trout Lily hotspot on Jim Fowler's blog.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Erythronium umbilicatum ssp. umbilicatum
FAMILY
Liliaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America
Erythronium umbilicatum ssp. umbilicatum
INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 041-26-001?:
Erythronium americanum FAMILY Liliaceae
INCLUDED WITHIN Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Erythronium americanum
COMMON NAME:
Dimpled Trout Lily, Dogtooth Violet
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
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Keith Bradley kab_e_umbilicatum_3660
February McCormick County SC
Stevens Creek Heritage Preserve
)
Keith Bradley kab_e_umbilicatum_3680
February McCormick County SC
Stevens Creek Heritage Preserve
A nodding, solitary yellow flower above a pair of elongated, mottled leaves, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Keith Bradley kab_e_umbilicatum_3850
February McCormick County SC
Stevens Creek Heritage Preserve
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JK Marlow jkm0503b_20
March Greenville County SC
Jones Gap State Park
Looking at the flower from behind.
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JK Marlow jkm090321_254b
March Greenville County SC
Chestnut Ridge Heritage Preserve
Ssp. umbilicatum doesn't have stolons, so most plants in a population bloom, per Flora of North America.
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JK Marlow jkm100313_114
March Gadsden County FL
Angus Gholson Nature Park
In center of picture, a monocot seed leaf.
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JK Marlow jkm100313_303
March Grady County GA
Wolf Creek Preserve
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JK Marlow jkm160323_060
March Polk County NC
Pearson's Falls
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JK Marlow jkm180310_156
March Pickens County SC
Nine Times Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm220315_6110
March Greenville County SC
Bald Rock Heritage Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm220315_6142
March Greenville County SC
Bald Rock Heritage Preserve
)
Patrick D. McMillan pdmeumbillicatum_glsy12
March Pickens County SC
Glassy Mountain Heritage Preserve
)
Patrick D. McMillan pdmeumbillicatum_glsy18
March Pickens County SC
Glassy Mountain Heritage Preserve
Stamens may be yellow, reddish-brown or purple, per Jim Fowler Photography blog.
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Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_e_umbilicatum_48
March
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Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_e_umbilicatum_dimpled
March
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JK Marlow jkm0404f_04
April Haywood County NC
Corneille Bryan Native Garden
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JK Marlow jkm190412_7226
April Rabun County GA
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Keith Bradley kab_e_umbilicatum_4469
April Transylvania County NC
Blue Ridge Parkway
)
Keith Bradley kab_e_umbilicatum_5394
April McCormick County SC
Stevens Creek Heritage Preserve
)
Patrick D. McMillan pdmeumbillicatum_lex1b
April
Apex of mature capsule usually pointed downward, per Weakley's Flora.
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Sam Pratt sbp_041022_1382
April Spartanburg County SC
Best distinguished by the indented (not rounded) summit of the capsule, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Steve Marlow snm082904_05a
April Polk County SC
Pearson's Falls
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Harry Davis hld537_crw_6110
May
Blue Ridge Parkway
Flowers close at night; as they open each morning the tepals curve backward, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
)
JK Marlow jkm0505o_14
May Transylvania County NC
Blue Ridge Parkway
Some populations form dense populations of plants, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Patrick D. McMillan pdmeumbillicatum_bm1
May
Anthers usually lavender, brown, cinnamon, or purple (sometimes yellow), per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Patrick D. McMillan pdmeumbillicatum_glsy5
May Pickens County SC
Glassy Mountain Heritage Preserve
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Erythronium umbilicatum ssp. umbilicatum
FAMILY
Liliaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Erythronium umbilicatum ssp. umbilicatum
FAMILY
Liliaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Flora of North America
Erythronium umbilicatum ssp. umbilicatum
INCLUDED WITHIN
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 041-26-001?:
Erythronium americanum
FAMILY
Liliaceae
INCLUDED WITHIN
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Erythronium americanum
537
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: Moist bottomland or slope forests, or in rather dry upland habitats, per Weakley's Flora
Native to the Carolinas & Georgia
Common in Mountains & Piedmont, uncommon in Carolina Coastal Plain, rare in GA Coastal Plain
Click here to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)
LEAVES:
Simple
Basal (2)
FLOWER:
Winter/Spring
Yellow
Radially symmetrical
6 tepals
6 stamens
FRUIT:
Spring/Summer
Capsule
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999) p152
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC (Porcher & Rayner, 2001) p175
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p274
- Wild Flowers of NC, 2nd edition (Justice, Bell, & Lindsey, 2005) p034
- Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Georgia (Chafin, 2016) p389
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p359?
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p414?
- Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011) p370
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p009