Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Ericales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Sideroxylon lycioides
FAMILY
Sapotaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Read more about Buckthorn Bumelia at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Sideroxylon lycioides
FAMILY
Sapotaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Sideroxylon lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 8 (2009)
Sideroxylon lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Sideroxylon lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH Aquatic & Wetland Plants of Southeastern US (Godfrey & Wooten, 1979 & 1981)
Bumelia lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 149-01-001:
Bumelia lycioides FAMILY Sapotaceae
INCLUDING Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Bumelia lycioides var. lycioides
INCLUDING Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Bumelia lycioides var. virginiana
INCLUDING Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Bumelia smallii
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Bumelia lycioides
COMMON NAME:
Buckthorn Bumelia, Buckthorn Bully, Carolina Buckthorn
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
Manual of the Trees of North America (Exclusive of Mexico) (Sargent, 1905) mtna_i_848
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913 pnd_buly_001_lvd
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / USDA Wetland flora: Field office illustrated guide pnd_sily_002_lvd
)
JK Marlow jkm180218_0294
February McCormick County SC
Parks Mill
)
JK Marlow jkm180218_0295
February McCormick County SC
Parks Mill
May be armed with spines at the nodes, per Woody Plants of the Southeastern US: A Winter Guide (Lance, 2004).
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_s_lycioides_2
March
Bark scaling, grayish strips or plates revealing red-brown underneath, per Woody Plants of the Southeastern US: A Winter Guide (Lance, 2004).
)
JK Marlow jkm110416_868
April Etowah County AL
Leaves elliptic or weakly oblanceolate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
Ron Lance rwl2167_a
June
Inflorescence of 8-40 clustered flowers from short axillary spur shoots, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_s_lycioides_4
August
Fruit an ellipsoid drupe-like berry 6-10mm long, subtended by persistent calyx, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
JK Marlow jkm181030_5424
October McCormick County SC
Parks Mill
)
JK Marlow jkm181030_5426
October McCormick County SC
Parks Mill
Upper surfaces of mature leaf blades notably finely reticulate-veined (at 20x), per Weakley's Flora.
)
David Campbell mdc_s_lycioides_fruit
October Cabarrus County NC
Look for fruit to be mature in September-October, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
David Campbell mdc_sideroxylon_lycioides
October Cabarrus County NC
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Sideroxylon lycioides
FAMILY
Sapotaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Sideroxylon lycioides
FAMILY
Sapotaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Sideroxylon lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 8
Sideroxylon lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Sideroxylon lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Aquatic & Wetland Plants of Southeastern US (Godfrey & Wooten, 1979 & 1981)
Bumelia lycioides
SYNONYMOUS WITH
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 149-01-001:
Bumelia lycioides
FAMILY
Sapotaceae
INCLUDING
Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Bumelia lycioides var. lycioides
INCLUDING
Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Bumelia lycioides var. virginiana
INCLUDING
Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Bumelia smallii
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Bumelia lycioides
2044
Shrub; Tree
Perennial
Habitat: maritime forests, maritime scrub, river bluffs, swamp margins, usually in circumneutral soil (over shell hash, coquina limestone, marl, or limestone), in the Piedmont and Mountains in rich, mesic forests over mafic or calcareous rocks, per Weakley's Flora
Native to the Carolinas & Georgia
Uncommon (rare in NC Piedmont)
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
DOES THE PLANT HAVE "MILKY SAP"?
Has milky sap (latex)
IS THE PLANT "ARMED"?
May be armed with spinose twig tips, spinose spur shoots, and/or nodal spines
LEAVES:
Deciduous to tardily deciduous
Simple
Alternate or clustered on spur shoots
FLOWER:
Summer
White
5-lobed calyx
5-lobed corolla
5 stamens & 5 staminodia, fused to corolla
Superior ovary
Bisexual
Flowers in axillary clusters
FRUIT:
Summer/Fall
Black
Drupe-like berry
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- How to Recognize Shrubs (Grimm, 1966) p248
- Native Shrubs and Woody Vines of the Southeast (Foote & Jones, 1989) p118
- Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide (Kirkman, Brown, & Leopold, 2007) p316
- Trees of the Southeastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1988) p223
- Woody Plants of the Southeastern US: A Winter Guide (Lance, 2004) p328
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