OF THE CAROLINAS & GEORGIA

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Most habitat and range descriptions were obtained from Weakley's Flora.

Your search found 23 taxa in the family Pinaceae, Pine family, as understood by Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.

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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Eastern White Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus strobus   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus strobus   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus strobus 016-01-001   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Moist to dry forests, bottomlands, dry, rocky ridges in humid gorges

Common (waifs in Coastal Plain)

Native to the Mountains & Piedmont of the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Longleaf Pine, Southern Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus palustris   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus palustris   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus palustris 016-01-002   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Formerly throughout the Coastal Plain, Sandhills, and lower Piedmont, on a wide variety of soils (sandy, loamy, clayey, or peaty), from very dry to very wet conditions, in savannas, woodlands, and forests affected by relatively frequent natural (lightning caused) fires (likely augmented by native Americans), now reduced to less than a tenth of its former abundance by a variety of forces, including turpentining, timbering, free-range hogs, fire suppression, and ‘site conversion’ by foresters to other trees, now extremely rare in VA and north of the Neuse River in NC, still occurring in some abundance in the outer Coastal Plain from Carteret County, NC south into GA, in the Bladen Lakes area of Bladen and Cumberland counties, and in the Fall-Line Sandhills of Harnett, Hoke, Scotland, Richmond, Moore, Anson, and Montgomery counties, NC and south into GA

Common in Coastal Plain, uncommon in GA Piedmont, rare in elsewhere in GA-NC-SC

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Slash Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus elliottii   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus elliottii var. elliottii   FAMILY: Pinaceae

INCLUDED WITHIN Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus elliottii 016-01-003   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Native in wet pine flatwoods and maritime forests, also extensively planted (over a broader distribution than the natural one, as in GA, SC, and NC) in silvicultural plantations on a wide variety of soils, many of them unsuitable for its successful growth

Common

Native to South Carolina & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Loblolly Pine, Old Field Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus taeda   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus taeda   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus taeda 016-01-004   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Dry to dry-mesic upland forests and woodlands, riparian forests, maritime forests, sandy rises in bottomland forests, pine flatwoods, roadsides, pine plantations, disturbed areas, especially in acid soil, much more abundant and widespread than formerly, and occurring farther inland than as a native

Common (rare in Mountains)

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Pond Pine, Pocosin Pine, Marsh Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus serotina   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus serotina   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus serotina 016-01-005   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Peaty soils of pocosins, swamps of small blackwater streams, sometimes a component of very wet pine savannas over an herbaceous groundlayer, but usually associated with dense pocosin shrubs

Common (rare in Piedmont)

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Pitch Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus rigida   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus rigida   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus rigida 016-01-006   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Southward primarily on dry ridges, more or less requiring fire for its reproduction, less commonly in peat soils of mountain bogs (and then often at elevations of 800-1000 m), northward (as in NJ) in acidic sandy and peaty soils near sea level, and also scattered through a variety of forest types

Common in NC Mountains, uncommon in GA & SC Mountains & NC Piedmont (rare elsewhere in GA-NC-SC)

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Table Mountain Pine, Bur Pine, Hickory Pine, Prickly Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus pungens   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus pungens   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus pungens 016-01-007   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Dry ridges, cliffs, shale barrens, usually requiring fire for its reproduction, occurring at least up to 1550 m

Common (rare in Piedmont)

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Shortleaf Pine, Yellow Pine, Rosemary Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Pinus echinata   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus echinata   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus echinata 016-01-008   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Dry to dry-mesic upland forests and woodlands, rocky ridges and slopes, glades, bluffs, Coastal Plain sandhills, old fields, riparian forests, generally in rather xeric sites and on acid soils, but also occurring in mesic to even wet sites and on mafic or subcalcareous rocks

Common

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Spruce Pine, Walter's Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Pinus glabra   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus glabra   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus glabra 016-01-009   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Bottomland forests, rich, moist soils, also upland in calcareous areas, such as calcareous bluffs

Common in GA, rare in SC

Native to South Carolina & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Virginia Pine, Scrub Pine, Jersey Pine, Possum Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Pinus virginiana   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus virginiana   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Pinus virginiana 016-01-010   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Dry forests and woodlands, especially on slopes and ridges, also common in certain areas as a weedy successional tree on nearly any kind of site, such as rocky, sandy, or clayey successional old fields or blowdowns

Common (rare in Coastal Plain)

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


drawing of Pinus clausa, Sand Pine need picture of Pinus clausa, Sand Pine need picture Pinus clausa, Sand Pine need picture of Pinus clausa, Sand Pine need picture of Pinus clausa, Sand Pine
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camera icon Common Name: Sand Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Pinus clausa   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus clausa   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Florida scrub, and dry sands where planted outside of its native range, for instance widely planted in pulp plantations in FL and s. GA, experimentally planted as far north as NC (and persisting and naturalizing)

Uncommon in GA Coastal Plain, rare in Carolinas

Native: Florida

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Red Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Pinus resinosa   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Pinus resinosa   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: High elevation forests, in pine plantations, and persisting after silvicultural planting

Waif(s)

Native: north of the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Red Spruce, He Balsam

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Picea rubens   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Picea rubens   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Picea rubens 016-02-001   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Common to dominant in spruce and spruce-fir forests at high elevations, scattered in northern hardwood forests, heath balds, boulderfield forests, ridges, and rarely coves, also in bogs or swampy forests at lower elevations (in NC not below 1000 m), ranging in moisture tolerance from dry ridges (though these are often fog-bathed) to saturated peats, and sometimes planted and naturalized. Picea rubens appears as scattered individuals ("natural waifs") at lower elevations than it is usually found; these seem to reflect sporadic seeding and short term survival and growth from some natural means

Uncommon in NC Mountains, rare or waifs elsewhere in GA-NC-SC

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Norway Spruce

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Picea abies   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Picea abies   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Fairly commonly planted in the montane and northern parts of our area as a street or yard tree, also persisting and escaping from forestry plantations at moderate or high elevations, notably in e. WV, Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Kephart Prong), Mount Mitchell State Park, and the Biltmore Estate

Waif(s)

Non-native: northern Europe

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Eastern Hemlock, Canada Hemlock, Spruce Pine, Hemlock Spruce

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Tsuga canadensis   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Tsuga canadensis   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Tsuga canadensis 016-03-001   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: In a wide variety of habitats in the mountains, most typically and abundantly in moist sites in ravines or coves along streams, but likely to be found in all but the driest habitats between 300 and 1500 m (even occurring in peaty bogs, where it has a sickly yellow color and short life expectancy); in the western Piedmont of NC limited to progressively rarer microhabitats (primarily north-facing river bluffs), reaching its eastward limit in NC at a disjunct stand at Hemlock Bluff State Natural Area, Wake County (but uncommon in the Piedmont of VA and even present, though rare, in the Coastal Plain of VA)

Common in Mountains, rare in Piedmont

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Carolina Hemlock, Crag Hemlock

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Tsuga caroliniana   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Tsuga caroliniana   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Tsuga caroliniana 016-03-002   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Primarily in open forests on ridge tops, rocky bluffs, or gorge walls, generally in drier and rockier sites than T. canadensis, but the two sometimes growing in close proximity or even intermixed in humid gorges; very limited in the western Piedmont, apparently reaching its eastern limit in NC at Hanging Rock State Park, Stokes County, and ranging east to Halifax County in the Piedmont of VA

Uncommon in NC Mountains (rare elsewhere in GA-NC-SC)

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Fraser Fir, She Balsam, Southern Balsam

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Abies fraseri   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Abies fraseri   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968): Abies fraseri 016-04-001   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: High elevation forests, from about 1500-2037 m

Rare in NC Mountains (waifs in GA)

Native to North Carolina, naturalized in Georgia

 


drawing of Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir, Northern Balsam, Canada Balsam, Blister Pine need picture of Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir, Northern Balsam, Canada Balsam, Blister Pine need picture Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir, Northern Balsam, Canada Balsam, Blister Pine need picture of Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir, Northern Balsam, Canada Balsam, Blister Pine need picture of Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir, Northern Balsam, Canada Balsam, Blister Pine
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camera icon Common Name: Balsam Fir, Northern Balsam, Canada Balsam, Blister Pine

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Abies balsamea   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Abies balsamea   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: High elevation forests and cliffs (in VA); high elevation frost-pocket wetlands (WV)

Native: north of the Carolinas

 


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camera icon Common Name: Nordmann Fir, Caucasian Fir

 

Non-native: the Caucasus

 


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Common Name: European Fir, Silver Fir

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Abies alba   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Abies alba   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Naturalized in Highlands, NC (Macon Co.), from plantings made by Thomas G. Harbison in the late 1800's (J.D. Pittillo, pers. comm.)

Waif(s)

Non-native: Europe

 


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camera icon Common Name: Eastern Tamarack, Eastern Larch

Weakley's Flora: (4/24/22) Larix laricina   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Larix laricina   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Bogs and swamps

Rare

Native: north of the Carolinas

 


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camera icon speaker icon Common Name: Deodar Cedar

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Cedrus deodara   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Cedrus deodara   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Frequently planted, rarely persistent or possibly escaped to suburban woodlands

Waif(s)

Non-native: Himalayan Asia

 


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camera icon Common Name: European Larch

Weakley's Flora: (4/14/23) Larix decidua   FAMILY: Pinaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS National Database: Larix decidua   FAMILY: Pinaceae

 

Habitat: Forests

Waif(s)

Non-native: Europe

 


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