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Common Cattail,
Typha latifolia
Fuzzy, brown cylindric spikes (cattails) persist into winter, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians.
Narrowleaf Cattail,
Typha angustifolia
Its male and female flower spikes are separated by naked stem, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers.
Little Barley,
Hordeum pusillum
Spikes 2-8cm long, 5-7mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Goosegrass,
Eleusine indica
Spikelets in 2 rows on one side of spikes, lemmas and glumes awnless, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States.
Bermuda Grass,
Cynodon dactylon
Several slender spikes digitate at the summit of the upright culms, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States.
Dune Fingergrass,
Eustachys petraea
3-6 spikes arise at about the same point at stem end. Stems often decumbent, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States.
Eastern Skeletongrass,
Gymnopogon ambiguus
Long slender divergent or reflexed spikes set close on a slender stiff axis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States.
Eastern Skeletongrass,
Gymnopogon ambiguus
Spikes 10-20cm long, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States.
Little Bluestem,
Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium
Flower spikes are solitary from long stalks at intervals along the stem, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region.
Little Bluestem,
Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium
Schizachyrium's spikes not split into two racemes, like those of Andropogon, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region.
Annual Greenhead Sedge,
Cyperus hortensis
Spikes 1-3, greenish, cylindric to subglobose, sessile, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Whitehead Sedge,
Cyperus sesquiflorus
1-3(4) ovoid to ellipsoid whitish spikes subtended by (2)3-4 horizontal bracts, per Flora of North America.
Granite Flatsedge,
Cyperus granitophilus
Spikes congested, subglobose. Bracts 2-5, 1-8cm long, 1-2mm wide, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Fragrant Flatsedge,
Cyperus odoratus var. odoratus
Bracts numerous, 3-7mm wide. Spikes numerous, congested, loosely cylindric, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
jointed flatsedge,
Cyperus articulatus
Spikes usually numerous, congested, appearing as irregular clusters, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Redroot Flatsedge,
Cyperus erythrorhizos
Spikes numerous, congested, cylindrical. Central sessile, lateral rays unequal, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Yellow Nutsedge,
Cyperus esculentus +
Spikes usually numerous, loose or congested, broadly cylindric to subglobose, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Rice-field Flatsedge,
Cyperus iria
Spikes numerous in irregularly ascending, umbellate clusters, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Poorland Flatsedge,
Cyperus compressus
Spikes 1-6, in subglobose clusters. Peduncles to 10cm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
green flatsedge,
Cyperus virens
Spikes numerous in congested umbellate clusters. Spikelets digitate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
False Nutsedge,
Cyperus strigosus
Spikes 5-10 or more, congested or open, narrowly to broadly cylindric, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Starburst Flatsedge,
Cyperus plukenetii
Spikes strongly obovate, composed of many sharp, backward-oriented scales, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region.
Pineland Flatsedge,
Cyperus retrorsus
Spikes cylindric or subcylindric, less than 1cm broad, less than 3x as long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Globe Sedge,
Cyperus croceus
Spikes subglobose, dense, 5-20mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Southeastern Flatsedge,
Cyperus filiculmis
Spikes subglobose, 5-30mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Crested Greenhead Sedge,
Cyperus metzii
Inflorescences of former Kyliinga spp. are unbranched (the spikes sessile), per Weakley's Flora (2020).
Horsetail Spikerush,
Eleocharis equisetoides
Spikes many-flowered, not wider than stem; stem knotted or jointed, per Field Guide to the Grasses, Sedges & Rushes of the US.
Canada spikesedge,
Eleocharis geniculata
Spikes ovoid to subglobose; achene body 0.7-1.0 mm long, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
oval-leaf sedge,
Carex cephalophora
Terminal dense spikes w female flowers protruding outward in all directions, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses.
Blunt Broom Sedge,
Carex tribuloides var. tribuloides
Inflorescences straight and stiff, the lower spikes overlapping, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
Blunt Broom Sedge,
Carex tribuloides var. tribuloides
Spikes 6-15, overlapping or distinct, ovoid-oblong to globose, per Flora of North America.
Long's Sedge,
Carex longii
Inflorescences erect, 1-4.5cm long; spikes slightly separated to congested, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Seersucker Sedge,
Carex plantaginea
Flowering stem usually leafless w a terminal male spike, 3-4 female spikes, per Wildflowers of Tennessee.
lined sedge,
Carex striatula
Terminal spike staminate, lateral spikes pistillate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
White Bear Sedge,
Carex albursina
Culm 20-35cm tall, flattened, winged. Bract blades surpassing the short spikes, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
thinfruit sedge,
Carex flaccosperma
Peduncles of terminal spikes barely to much exceeding lateral spikes, per Flora of North America.
thinfruit sedge,
Carex flaccosperma
Lateral spikes pistillate, with 12-39 perigynia, per Flora of North America.
Necklace Sedge,
Carex prasina
Staminate spike 3-4cm long; 2-3 pistillate spikes, 3-4.5cm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Necklace Sedge,
Carex prasina
Pistillate spikes linear, elongate, drooping, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Wretched Sedge,
Carex misera
Spikes reddish-brown; male solitary & terminal, 2-3 female below the male, per Field Guide to the Rare Plants of Georgia.
Cherokee Sedge,
Carex cherokeensis
Staminate spikes 0-5; androgynous spikes 3-5, peduncles absent or to 12cm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
warty sedge,
Carex verrucosa
Terminal spike staminate, lateral spikes pistillate or androgynous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Blue Sedge,
Carex glaucescens
Stem terminated by a straw-colored male spike and 3-5 female spikes below, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region.
Tussock Sedge,
Carex stricta
[all] spikes erect [none pendant], per Flora of North America.
Fringed Sedge,
Carex crinita var. crinita
The 2-5" pistillate spikes have a tiny flower tucked into each scale, per Gardening with the Native Plants of Tennessee.
Fringed Sedge,
Carex crinita var. crinita
Slim pendulous spikes on 3-5' stems, per Gardening with the Native Plants of Tennessee.
Frank's sedge,
Carex frankii
Along the stem are 3-7 dense, greenish, cylindric, pistillate spikes , per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians.
Sallow Sedge,
Carex lurida
Pistillate spikes oblong, 2.5-5.5cm long, 14-20mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Sallow Sedge,
Carex lurida
Staminate spike 3-8cm long, 2mm broad. Pistillate spikes 2-3, oblong, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Radford's Sedge,
Carex radfordii
The scales on the female-flowered spikes have long bristles, per Field Guide to the Rare Plants of Georgia.
Florida Yellow-eyed-grass,
Xyris floridana
Mature spikes ovoid, sharply acute. Plants solitary or in small clumps, per Weakley's Flora.
Fairywand,
Chamaelirium luteum
Pistillate flowers in racemes [with pedicels] or spikes [without pedicels], per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
Cinnamon Vine,
Dioscorea polystachya
Rachis of male spikes obviously zigzagged; flowers sessile, per Flora of China.
Common Wild Yam,
Dioscorea villosa
Staminate spikes have up to 4 flowers per node, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians.
Common Wild Yam,
Dioscorea villosa
Female (pistillate) spikes have 1 flower per node, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians.
Air Yam,
Dioscorea bulbifera
Flowers rarely, with fragrant spikes to 4" long hanging from leaf axils, per Invasive Plants, Guide to Identification, Impacts and Control.
Pepper-elder,
Peperomia pellucida
Spikes can be axillary, terminal, or opposite leaves; solitary (rarely 2+), per Flora of North America.
Australian-pine,
Casuarina equisetifolia ssp. equisetifolia
Male flowers are borne in slender cylindrical spikes at the twig tips, per www.wiki.bugwood.org.
Tag Alder,
Alnus serrulata
Pistillate flowers borne in erect, short, ovoid, cone-like spikes, per Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide.
Southern Red Oak,
Quercus falcata
Pistillate flowers with 3-lobed stigmas, solitary or in few-flowered spikes, per Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide.