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Cereal Rye,
Secale cereale
Spikelets alternate on opposite sides of rachis, mostly 2-flowered, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Cereal Rye,
Secale cereale
In habit resembling wheat, but usually taller, spike more slender, nodding, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Little Barley,
Hordeum pusillum
Spikelet clusters alternate on opposite sides of the rachis, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Little Barley,
Hordeum pusillum
Spikes 2-8cm long, 5-7mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Common Bottlebrush Grass,
Elymus hystrix var. hystrix
Awned spikelets spread at right angles to rachis; glumes absent or reduced, per How to Know the Grasses: Pictured Key Nature Series (Pohl, 1954).
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Common Bottlebrush Grass,
Elymus hystrix var. hystrix
Spikelets usually 2 per node of rachis, usually horizontally divergent, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Common Bottlebrush Grass,
Elymus hystrix var. hystrix
Rachis internodes 5-10mm, spikelets horizontally spreading toward maturity, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Virginia Wild-rye,
Elymus virginicus
Elymus species' spikelets are sessile, usually in 2s, alternating on spike, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Velvet-grass,
Holcus lanatus
Panicle dense, branches spreading and ascending, villous. Spikelets 2-flowered, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Silky Oatgrass,
Danthonia sericea
Panicle 5-10cm long, relatively many-flowered, the branches bearing 2-6 spikelets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Bog Oatgrass,
Danthonia epilis
Panicle 5-10cm long, relatively many-flowered, the branches bearing 2-6 spikelets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Mountain Oatgrass,
Danthonia compressa
Slender branches bearing 2-3 spikelets, looser than D. spicata, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Poverty Oatgrass,
Danthonia spicata
Panicle 2-5cm long, the stiff short branches bearing a single spikelet, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Domestic Oats,
Avena sativa
Spikelets 15-30mm long, 6-10mm wide. Glumes usually 9-nerved, glabrous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Appalachian Hairgrass,
Avenella flexuosa
Spikelets have 2 fertile flowers, each with a lemma with a striking bent awn, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Appalachian Hairgrass,
Avenella flexuosa
Loose open inflorescence with spikelets at tips of long flexible branches, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Silver Hairgrass,
Aira caryophyllea
Pedicels usually 1-2× as long as the spikelets (vs. 2-8× in A. elegans), per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Elegant Hairgrass,
Aira elegans
Pedicels usually 2-8× long as spikelets; upper lemma awn 1.5-2.5mm, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Green Needlegrass,
Piptochaetium avenaceum
Panicle's slender branches 2-4cm long, each bearing 1 or 2 spikelets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Bottlebrush Three-awn,
Aristida spiciformis var. spiciformis
Panicle erect, dense, spikelike, more or less spirally twisted, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Arrowfeather,
Aristida purpurascens
Spikelets with 3 straight to spreading awns, 12-25mm long, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Annual Rabbitfoot Grass,
Polypogon monspeliensis
Panicle dense, spikelike, 2-15cm long, 1-2cm wide, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Cogongrass,
Imperata cylindrica
Spikelike, tightly branched panicle. Spikelets obscured by silky hairs, per Nonnative Invasive Plants of Southern Forests (Miller, 2003).
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Cogongrass,
Imperata cylindrica
Silky spikelike panicles are terminal, cylindrical, 1-8" long, 0.2-1" wide, per Nonnative Invasive Plants of Southern Forests (Miller, 2003).
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Timothy,
Phleum pratense ssp. pratense
Panicle dense spikelike, cylindrical. Spikelets strongly flattened, 1-flowered, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Smut-grass,
Sporobolus indicus
Sporobolus is one of many genera with one floret per spikelet, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Smut-grass,
Sporobolus indicus
Panicle usually spikelike but more or less interrupted, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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West Indian Dropseed,
Sporobolus jacquemontii
Primary branches appressed to strongly ascending, spikelet-bearing to base, per Grass Manual on the Web.
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Rough Dropseed,
Sporobolus clandestinus
Spikelets 4-8mm. Lemma pubescent, usually conspicuously shorter than palea, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Pink Muhlygrass,
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Spikelets one-flowered, awns 3-12mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Nimblewill,
Muhlenbergia schreberi
Ear [inflorescence] 5" long; earlet [spikelet] sharp pointed with 1 long awn, per Field Guide to the Grasses, Sedges & Rushes of the US (Knobel, 1899) (Faust, 1977).
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Nimblewill,
Muhlenbergia schreberi
Spikelets one-flowered, the rachilla disarticulating above the glumes, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Autumn Bentgrass,
Agrostis perennans
Spikelets usually not clustered near the tips of the branchlets, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Autumn Bentgrass,
Agrostis perennans
Spikelets scattered, but absent from the basal portion of panicle branches, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Coastal Bog Bentgrass,
Agrostis altissima
Spikelets usually clustered near the tips of the branchlets, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Nuttall's Reedgrass,
Greeneochloa coarctata
Spikelets 1-flowered. Glumes 6-7mm long, scabrous, long-acuminate, per The Grasses of North Carolina (Blomquist, 1948).
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Bearded Shorthusk,
Brachyelytrum erectum
Inflorescence ~ 4-7" long, spikelets strongly ascending with very long awns, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Toothache Grass,
Ctenium aromaticum
A recurved 1-sided spike bearing spikelets in 2 rows, with conspicuous awns, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Toothache Grass,
Ctenium aromaticum
Flowers on only one side of the spike, each with awns, looking comblike, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Florida Toothache Grass,
Ctenium floridanum
Spikelets pectinately arranged on one side of a continuous rachis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Crowfoot Grass,
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Rachis end projects in a point beyond spikelets, which lie along one side, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Goosegrass,
Eleusine indica
Spikelets in 2 rows on one side of spikes, lemmas and glumes awnless, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Bermuda Grass,
Cynodon dactylon
Several slender spikes digitate at the summit of the upright culms, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Bermuda Grass,
Cynodon dactylon
Spikelets 1-flowered, awnless, sessile in 2 rows along one side of rachis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Dune Fingergrass,
Eustachys petraea
3-6 spikes arise at about the same point at stem end. Stems often decumbent, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Dune Fingergrass,
Eustachys petraea
Spikelets closely arranged on 2 sides of a 3-sided spike, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Green Sprangletop,
Disakisperma dubium
Seedhead branches triangular in cross-section. Spikelets have 4-7 florets, per Yavapai County Native & Naturalized Plants.
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Eastern Skeletongrass,
Gymnopogon ambiguus
Long slender divergent or reflexed spikes set close on a slender stiff axis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Eastern Skeletongrass,
Gymnopogon ambiguus
Spikes 10-20cm long, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Catchfly Cutgrass,
Leersia lenticularis
Blades lax, 1-2cm wide. Panicle open; spikelets closely imbricate, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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White Cutgrass,
Leersia virginica
Spikelets oblong, closely appressed to the branchlets, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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White Cutgrass,
Leersia virginica
Leersia's spikelets are one-flowered, strongly compressed laterally, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Rice Cutgrass,
Leersia oryzoides
Spikelets elliptic, sparsely hispidulous, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Rice Cutgrass,
Leersia oryzoides
Axillary panicles partly included in the sheaths, spikelets cleistogamous, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Southern Wild-rice,
Zizania aquatica var. aquatica
Erect upper branches with female spikelets, spreading lower branches w male, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Perennial Foxtail-grass,
Setaria parviflora
Flowers in a spike-like panicle 0.5-3cm wide, yellow or purplish, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Perennial Foxtail-grass,
Setaria parviflora
Spikelets 2-2.5 or even 3mm long; bristles 1-3x or even 6x long as spikelet, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Yellow Foxtail,
Setaria pumila
Longer bristles 2-3x as long as the spikelet, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Yellow Foxtail,
Setaria pumila
4-12 bristles below each spikelet, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Yellow Foxtail,
Setaria pumila
Panicle dense, evenly cylindric, spikelike, yellow at maturity, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).