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Corkwood,
Stillingia aquatica
Numerous tiny greenish, yellowish, or reddish flowers are borne in a cylindrical spike, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Corkwood,
Stillingia aquatica
Flowers are borne in a conspicuous cylindrical spike at the tips of the stem and branches, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Popcorn Tree,
Triadica sebifera
Slender drooping spike to 8" long, female flowers at base, male along spike, per A Field Guide for the Identification of Invasive Plants in Southern Forests (Miller, Chambliss, & Lowenstein, 2010).
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Allegheny-spurge,
Pachysandra procumbens
Spike bears staminate flowers above, pistillate (if any) below, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Allegheny-spurge,
Pachysandra procumbens
Spikes 4-5" tall, per All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999).
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Allegheny-spurge,
Pachysandra procumbens
1-5 fragrant flower spikes nestle at the base of a petiole , per All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999).
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Purple Loosestrife,
Lythrum salicaria
Flowers numerous in terminal spike-like thyrses, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Northern Winged Loosestrife,
Lythrum alatum
1-2 flowers in the axils of small leafy bracts, crowded along the spike, per www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
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Biennial Gaura,
Oenothera gaura
Flowers are borne on wand-like, 1-8" spikes. Buds are less than 0.8" long, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Biennial Gaura,
Oenothera gaura
A tall plant (5'+) with long branched spikes bearing many small flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Southern Water-milfoil,
Myriophyllum heterophyllum
Flowers/fruits (subtended by bracts) in erect spikes emersed from water, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Eurasian Water-milfoil,
Myriophyllum spicatum
Flowers/fruits in erect spikes emersed from water, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Galax,
Galax urceolata
A dense, narrow, spikelike raceme of 0.25" flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Brazilian Vervain,
Verbena brasiliensis
Spikes short & stout, flowers/fruits overlapping & completely obscuring rachis, per Weakley's Flora.
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Purpletop Vervain,
Verbena incompta
A naturalized plant with tiny violet flowers in a dense 1" spike, per All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999).
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
Slender branched divaricate spikes with a few scattered minute white flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
Minute white flowers in very slender spikes terminating stem and branches, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
To 5' tall, with very slender branched, divaricate, few-flowered spikes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Blue Vervain,
Verbena hastata
Typically the spikes are stiffly erect; perhaps these suffered herbicide damage?
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Blue Vervain,
Verbena hastata
Flowers and fruits distinctly overlapping in the upper part of the spikes, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Narrowleaf Vervain,
Verbena simplex
Flowers occur on one or more blunt-tipped spikes, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Carolina Vervain,
Verbena carnea
The wandlike spikes of 5-lobed flowers are stiffly erect, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Carolina Vervain,
Verbena carnea
Spikes elongate, flowers or fruits well-spaced and not obscuring the rachis, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Stiff Verbena,
Verbena rigida
Flowers with hairy bracts crowded into slender terminal spikes, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Moss Vervain,
Glandularia aristigera
Spikes solitary, 1-10cm long, 1-3.5cm in diameter, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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American Lopseed,
Phryma leptostachya
Flowers 1/4" long in regularly spaced pairs on one or more slender spikes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Carpet Bugle,
Ajuga reptans
Blue flowers in leafy spikes; 6-12" high, creeping at the base, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
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American Germander,
Teucrium canadense var. canadense
A crowded spikelike terminal raceme, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Purple Giant-hyssop,
Agastache scrophulariifolia
Flowers and small pinkish-white bracts densely packed in 6" terminal spikes, per Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019).
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Yellow Giant-hyssop,
Agastache nepetoides
Bracts in the flower spike are green (vs. pinkish in A. scrophulariifolia), per Field Guide to the Rare Plants of Georgia (Chafin, 2007).
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Meehania,
Meehania cordata
Flowers 1" or more long, crowded into one-sided terminal spikes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Catnip,
Nepeta cataria
Flowers in short spikes of crowded clusters terminating the branches, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Eurasian Self-heal,
Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris
The 2-lipped blue-violet flowers are borne in a crowded terminal spike, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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Clingman's Hedgenettle,
Stachys clingmanii
Hedgenettles are tall plants w interrupted spikes of .5" pink-purple flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Broadtooth Hedgenettle,
Stachys latidens
Hedgenettles are tall plants w interrupted spikes of .5" pink-purple flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Lyreleaf Sage,
Salvia lyrata
Flowers growing in few-flowered whorls in an interrupted spike, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Florida Pennyroyal,
Piloblephis rigida
Small flowers are in compact, conelike spikes at branch tips, per Everglades Wildflowers (Hammer, 2002, 2015).
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Spearmint,
Mentha spicata var. spicata
Spikes more slender than Peppermint's and with a distinctive Spearmint aroma, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Peppermint,
Mentha ×piperita var. piperita
Flowers in thick compact spikes. Lvs smooth, lanceolate, w 1/8-1/4" petioles, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Beefsteak-plant,
Perilla frutescens
Flowers borne in loose, elongate, terminal and axillary spikelike racemes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Miniature Beefsteak-plant,
Mosla dianthera
Corolla 3.5-4mm, borne 2 per node in a slender terminal spike, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Woolly Mullein,
Verbascum thapsus ssp. thapsus
Inflorescence dense and spike-like (at least initially), per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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White Turtlehead,
Chelone glabra
Flowers white, often tinged with pink or purple, in a dense terminal spike, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Butter-and-eggs,
Linaria vulgaris
1"-long yellow flowers with downward pointing spurs, crowded in a spike, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Culver's-root,
Veronicastrum virginicum
Flowers born in showy spikes, terminal or from upper leaf whorls, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Common Speedwell,
Veronica officinalis
Flowers in spikelike racemes, with extremely short pedicels, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Savanna Bluehearts,
Buchnera floridana
Flowers tubular below, spreading at apex into 5 petals, borne in a spike, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Eastern Indian Paintbrush,
Castilleja coccinea
Greenish-yellow flowers in terminal spikes subtended by red leaf-like bracts, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Yellow Bractspike,
Yeatesia viridiflora
Flowers in conspicuously bracted spikes, per Manual of the Southeastern Flora (JK Small, 1933).
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Heartleaf Plantain,
Plantago cordata
Spikes on scapes from plant base, the inflorescences often 1 meter in height, per Weakley's Flora (2022).
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Common Plantain,
Plantago major
Scape solid, terete, erect. Spike 4-22cm long, dense in flower and fruit, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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American Plantain,
Plantago rugelii
Flowers in a dense spike, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
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English Plantain,
Plantago lanceolata
Spike 1-8cm long, densely flowered and fruited, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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English Plantain,
Plantago lanceolata
Flowers have spreading to reflexed lobes & open first at the bottom of spike, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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Bracted Plantain,
Plantago aristata
Spike 1-6" long with stiff bracts protruding from the flower cluster, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
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Sand Plantain,
Plantago indica
Densely flowered/fruited spike 0.8-1.8cm long; stamens & stigmas well-exserted, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Yellow Honeysuckle,
Lonicera flava
Fruit often borne in one crowded whorl on the fruiting spike, per Woody Plants of the Southeastern US: A Winter Guide (Lance, 2004).
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Annual Ragweed,
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Male flowers in spikelike clusters that terminate stem and upper branches, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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Annual Ragweed,
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Female heads roundish, clustered in upper leaf axils below male spike, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Slender Rattlesnake-root,
Nabalus autumnalis
Its narrow spikelike panicle distinguishes it from other Prenanthes, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001).