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Sweet Birch,
Betula lenta var. lenta
Stipules deciduous, distinct, per Flora of North America.
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Tulip-tree,
Liriodendron tulipifera var. tulipifera
Note that the stipule scars encircle the twig. — Clemson Extension
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Sweetbay,
Magnolia virginiana +
Leaf undersides are glaucous. Stipule scars encircle twigs. — Clemson Extension
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American Sycamore,
Platanus occidentalis var. occidentalis
Leaf scars alternate; terminal bud lacking; stipule scars ringlike; buds 1-scaled.
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American Sycamore,
Platanus occidentalis var. occidentalis
Prominent, leaf-like stipules encircle the twig, per Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide (Kirkman, Brown, & Leopold, 2007).
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Rough-fruited Cinquefoil,
Potentilla recta
Leaves palmately compound, stipules pectinate [comb-like] to entire, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Pale Avens,
Geum virginianum
Stipules of Geum virginianum much larger than those of G. canadense.
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Pale Avens,
Geum virginianum
Larger stipules greater than 10mm wide, coarsely toothed or even lobed, per Weakley's Flora.
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Parsley-piert,
Aphanes australis
Leaves palmately dissected. Flowers in axillary clusters surounded by stipules, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Common Agrimony,
Agrimonia gryposepala
Stipules large and foliaceous, semicordate, 1-2cm wide, per Manual of Vascular Plants of NE US & Adjacent Canada (Gleason & Cronquist, 1991).
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Woodland Agrimony,
Agrimonia rostellata
Stipules small and lanceolate to ovate, rarely more than 1/3" wide, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Downy Agrimony,
Agrimonia pubescens
Stipules are toothed but not deeply, half-ovate to half-round, per Weakley's Flora.
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Low Agrimony,
Agrimonia microcarpa
Stipules deeply incised, half ovate; hirsute hairs of the stem 3mm or longer, per Weakley's Flora.
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Roadside Agrimony,
Agrimonia striata
Stipule proximally incised or nearly entire, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Multiflora Rose,
Rosa multiflora
Stipules comblike and fringed, per Native Shrubs and Woody Vines of the Southeast (Foote & Jones, 1989).
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Multiflora Rose,
Rosa multiflora
A close-up of the stipule.
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Multiflora Rose,
Rosa multiflora
Stipules along the leaf-stalk base distinguish roses from other shrubs, per The Shrub Identification Book (Symonds, 1963).
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Multiflora Rose,
Rosa multiflora
Multiflora Rose has leaves with 7-9 toothed leaflets and fringed stipules, per Woody Plants of the Blue Ridge (Lance).
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Swamp Rose,
Rosa palustris
Stipule margin entire to ciliate [not fringed], per Woody Plants of the Blue Ridge (Lance).
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Carolina Rose,
Rosa carolina ssp. carolina
Two prominent stipules at leaf base, each terminating in a pointed tip, per www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
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Virginia Rose,
Rosa virginiana ssp. virginiana
Leaflets mostly 7-9, coarsely toothed. Stipules glandular, per Woody Plants of the Southeastern US: A Winter Guide (Lance, 2004).
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Midwestern Indian-physic,
Gillenia stipulata
Both the leaflets and stipules are toothed, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Midwestern Indian-physic,
Gillenia stipulata
Three lanceolate leaflets and 2 large stipules make the leaf look 5-parted, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Red Chokeberry,
Aronia arbutifolia
Stipules persistent, adnate to petiole, narrowly triangular, margins glandular, per Flora of North America.
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Creamy Wild Indigo,
Baptisia bracteata
Plant softly pubescent. Stipules of median & lower lvs 2-4cm long, persistant, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Aaron's Rod,
Thermopsis villosa
Leaves have conspicuous ovate stipules, 2" long, with clasping basal lobes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Appalachian Golden-banner,
Thermopsis mollis
Leaves have narrow stipules that do not clasp the stem, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Ashleaf Golden-banner,
Thermopsis fraxinifolia
Leaves have narrow stipules that do not clasp the stem, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Low Rattlebox,
Crotalaria rotundifolia
Distinguished from C purshii by reclining stems & lack of prominent stipules, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Arrowhead Rattlebox,
Crotalaria sagittalis
Leaves elliptical to lance-shaped, on short petioles, a winged double-tipped stipule at the base, per Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019).
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Arrowhead Rattlebox,
Crotalaria sagittalis
Specific epithet refers to conspicuous, inverted, arrowhead-shaped stipules, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Rabbitfoot Clover,
Trifolium arvense
Flower heads are not subtended by leaves or expanded stipules, per Weakley's Flora.
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Crimson Clover,
Trifolium incarnatum
Flower heads are not subtended by leaves or expanded stipules, per Weakley's Flora.
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Red Clover,
Trifolium pratense
Heads subtended by enlarged stipules and/or opposite or subopposite leaves, per Weakley's Flora.
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Arrowleaf Clover,
Trifolium vesiculosum
Flower heads are not subtended by leaves or expanded stipules, per Weakley's Flora.
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Spotted Medick,
Medicago arabica
Stipules shallowly lacerate, per Weakley's Flora.
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Toothed Medick,
Medicago polymorpha
Stipules deeply lacerate, incised almost to the middle or beyond, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Birdsfoot-trefoil,
Lotus corniculatus
Leaves pinnately compound, lowermost pair of leaflets resembling stipules, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Pencil-flower,
Stylosanthes biflora
The large adnate stipules are distinctive, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Roundleaf Tick-trefoil,
Desmodium rotundifolium
Leaflets 1-4cm long & wide. Stipules persistent, ovate, & clasping the stem, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Hoary Tick-trefoil,
Desmodium canescens
Stipules ovate to ovate-lanceolate, with a wide partially clasping base, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Matted Tick-trefoil,
Desmodium lineatum
Stipules lance-attenuate to linear-subulate, striate, 2-5mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Florida Tick-trefoil,
Desmodium tortuosum
Stipules and stipels persistent. Leaflets often more than 2x long as wide, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Japanese-clover,
Kummerowia striata
Stipules narrowly ovate-lanceolate, those of the principal leaves 3-6mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Everlasting Pea,
Lathyrus latifolius
Stipules 4-10 mm wide; leaflets 2-5x long as wide, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Climbing Butterfly-pea,
Centrosema virginianum var. virginianum
Stipules ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, persistent, 1.5-4mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Southern Seaside Spurge,
Euphorbia bombensis
Leaves longer than wide, often fleshy. Stipules lacerate, seemingly 4 per node, per Weakley's Flora.
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Black Maple,
Acer nigrum
Usually a prominent stipule at petiole base (vs. not in A. saccharum), per The Native Maples of Georgia (Ware, 2003).
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Arrowleaf Violet,
Viola sagittata
Stipules free, irregularly glandular-fimbriate, per Violets (Violaceae) of the Great Plains and Eastern North America (Ballard).
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Smooth Yellow Forest Violet,
Viola eriocarpa
Stipules ovate-lanceolate to ovate and entire, per Violaceae of the Southeastern US (McKinney & Russell, 2002).
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Pale Violet,
Viola striata
Stipules to 2cm long & 1cm broad, lanceolate, margins distinctly lacerate, per www.missouriplants.com (Tenaglia).
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Pale Violet,
Viola striata
Stipules lanceolate to 3cm long, foliaceous, pectinate and ciliate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Longspur Violet,
Viola rostrata
Stipules free, weakly lacerate, per A taxonomic treatment of the violets (Violaceae) of the northeastern US and adjacent Canada (Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino, 2023).
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American Dog Violet,
Viola labradorica
Stipules eciliate to ciliate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Walter's Violet,
Viola walteri
Stipules deeply laciniate, per Weakley's Flora.
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Walter's Violet,
Viola walteri
Note stipules.
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Johnny Jump-up,
Viola tricolor
Leaves with large crenate teeth, stipules large & foliaceous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Johnny Jump-up,
Viola rafinesquei
Leaves rounded with long petioles (1-3cm); stipules large, cleft and lobed, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Johnny Jump-up,
Viola rafinesquei
Leaves with very large, leafy, lobed stipules at their base, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Buttonbush,
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Rubiaceae is distinctive in that the stipules of opposite leaves are connate, per Plant Systematics (Simpson, 2010).